Read More About It!

Info about bryophytes, liverworts and lichens can obtained at the WWW at:

• Internet Resources for Bryologists and Lichenologists
• UCMP exhibit on
  • green algae
  • charophytes
  • bryophytes
  • hornworts
• Plant Anatomy & Morphology, Glenville State College -- Some WWW info on extant taxa.
• UCMP exhibit on the Devonian -- This site provides you with some overview info on the ecosystem the first land plants inhabited.

Andrews, H.N., A.E. Kasper, W.H. Forbes, P.G. Gensel and W.G. Chaloner. 1977. Early Devonian flora of the Trout Valley Formation of northern Maine. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 23:255-285.

Arnold, C.A. 1952. A specimen of Prototaxites from the Kettle Point Shale of Ontario. Palaeontographica B93:45-56.

Banks, H.P. 1975. Palaeogeographic implications of some Silurian-Early Devonian floras. In: K.S.W. Campbell (ed.): Gondwana Geology. Australian National University Press, Canberra, pp. 75-97.

Edwards, D.S. 1980. Evidence for the sporophytic status of the Lower Devonian plant Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii Kidston and Lang. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 29:177-189.

Edwards, D. 1979. A late Silurian flora from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of Scotland. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 22:23-52.

Kenrick, P. and P.R. Crane. 1997. The Origin and Early Diversifiation of Land Plants, A Cladistic Study. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C.

Kidston, R. and W.H. Lang. 1917. On Old Red Sandstone plants showing structure, from the Rhynie Chert Bed, Aberdeenshire, Part 1: Rhynia gwynne-vaughani, Kidston and Lang. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 51:761-784.

Kidston, R. and W.H. Lang. 1920. On Old Red Sandstone plants showing structure, from the Rhynie Chert Bed, Aberdeenshire, Part 2: Additional notes on Rhynia gwynne-vaughani, Kidston and Lang; with descriptions of Rhynia major, n. sp., and Hornea lignieri, n. g., n. sp. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 52:603-627.

Kidston, R. and W.H. Lang. 1921. On Old Red Sandstone plants showing structure, from the Rhynie Chert Bed, Aberdeenshire, Part 4: Restorations of the vascular cryptogams, and discussion of their bearing on the general morphology of the Pteridophyta and the origin of the organization of land-plants. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 52:831-854.

Niklas, K.J. 1976. Morphological and ontogenetic reconstruction of Parka decipiens Fleming and Pachytheca Hooker from the Lower Old Red Sandstone, Scotland. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 69:483-499.

Phillips, T.L., K.J. Niklas and H.N. Andrews, Jr. 1972. Morphology and vertical distribution of Protosalvinia (Foerstia) from the New Albany Shale (Upper Devonian). Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 14:171-196.

Pratt, L.M., T.L. Phillips and J.M. Dennison. 1978. Evidence of non-vascular land plants from the early Silurian (Llandoverian) of Virginia, U.S.A. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 25:121-149.

Strother, P.K. and A. Traverse. 1979. Plant microfossils from Llandoverian and Wenlockian rocks of Pennsylvania. Palynology 3:1-21.

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